Future Perfect
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Membentuk Future Perfect dengan will have + past participle (V3).
- Menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi akan sudah selesai sebelum titik waktu di masa depan.
- Menggunakan penanda 'by + waktu' dan 'by then' dengan tepat.
Bentuk (Form)
Future Perfect dibentuk dengan will have + past participle (V3). Bentuk will have sama untuk semua subjek; yang berubah hanya bentuk V3 dari kata kerja (regular: -ed; irregular: bentuk ketiga seperti gone, written, done).
| Struktur | Contoh | |
|---|---|---|
| (+) Positif | subject + will have + V3 | I will have finished by 6. |
| (−) Negatif | subject + won't have + V3 | They won't have arrived yet. |
| (?) Tanya | Will + subject + have + V3 ...? | Will you have completed it by then? |
Catatan penting:
- Short form: I'll have, she'll have ... → "I'll have done it by Friday."
- V3 regular = -ed (finish → finished); irregular harus dihafal (write → written, do → done, leave → left, send → sent).
- will have tetap sama untuk semua subjek: tidak ada has di sini: ❌ she will has → ✅ she will have.
Kapan Dipakai (Usage)
- Aksi yang akan SUDAH SELESAI sebelum satu titik waktu di masa depan (kita melihat
ke depan ke titik itu, dan aksinya sudah rampung):
By next Friday, I 'll have submitted the proposal.
- Memperkirakan pencapaian pada deadline / batas waktu:
By the end of the year, the company 'll have hired 50 new staff.
- Aksi yang selesai sebelum aksi lain di masa depan (dengan by the time):
By the time the client calls, we 'll have prepared everything.
- Menyatakan durasi yang tercapai pada titik masa depan (lama waktu sampai titik itu):
Next month I 'll have worked here for ten years.
💡 Bandingkan dengan Future Simple: "I'll finish at 6." (selesai tepat jam 6) vs "I'll have finished by 6." (selesai paling lambat / sebelum jam 6).
Penanda Waktu (Time Markers / Signal Words)
- by + waktu (paling khas) → I'll have left by 8 p.m.
- by then → The deadline is Friday; by then we'll have tested it.
- by the time + present → By the time you read this, I'll have boarded.
- before → We'll have shipped it before Monday.
- already → She'll have already finished when you arrive.
- in + jangka waktu → In two years they'll have paid it all off.
Examples (English)
By 2030, most of these machines will have become obsolete. Don't worry: the team will have fixed the bug before launch. Will you have signed the contract by the end of the week? By next month, she won't have finished the audit yet.
Kosakata & Penanda
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| by | paling lambat / pada (batas) | I'll have finished by 5 p.m. |
| by then | sebelum saat itu | Call at 6: I'll have left by then. |
| by the time | pada saat / menjelang | By the time you arrive, we'll have started. |
| already | sudah | She'll have already gone by noon. |
| before | sebelum | We'll have shipped it before Monday. |
| in two years | dalam dua tahun | In two years they'll have repaid the loan. |
| complete | menyelesaikan | I'll have completed the course by June. |
| save | menabung / menyimpan | By December he'll have saved enough. |
Dialogue
Checking a project deadline
Will you have finished the design by Friday?
Yes, I'll have sent it to you by Thursday evening.
Perfect. By then the client will have approved the budget.
Great, so by Monday we'll have launched the whole campaign.
Kesalahan Umum (Common Mistakes)
- ❌ "She will has left." → ✅ "She will have left." (selalu will have, bukan will has)
- ❌ "I will have finish by 6." → ✅ "I will have finished by 6." (perlu past participle/V3)
- ❌ "I will have wrote the report." → ✅ "I will have written the report." (V3 write = written)
- ❌ "I'll have finished it at 6." (jika maksudnya batas waktu) → lebih tepat ✅ "I'll have finished it by 6." (Future Perfect memakai by, bukan at)
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Which sentence means the action is completed before a future point?
2. Choose the correct form.
3. Pick the right past participle.
Lengkapi dengan will have + V3
Flashcards
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Ringkasan
- Bentuk: will have + past participle (V3); sama untuk semua subjek; negatif won't have + V3, tanya Will + subjek + have + V3?
- Fungsi utama: menyatakan aksi yang akan sudah selesai sebelum satu titik di masa depan, atau durasi yang tercapai pada titik itu.
- Penanda waktu: by + waktu, by then, by the time, before, already, in + jangka waktu.
- Jebakan utama: jangan tulis will has; gunakan V3 yang benar; pakai by (bukan at) untuk batas waktu.