Cleft Sentences
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Membentuk it-cleft (It was X that ...) untuk menyorot subjek, objek, atau keterangan.
- Membentuk wh-/what-cleft (What we need is ...) untuk menonjolkan informasi inti.
- Memilih cleft yang tepat untuk memberi penekanan dan mengoreksi anggapan keliru.
Bentuk & Aturan
Cleft sentence (kalimat terbelah) membagi satu kalimat biasa menjadi dua bagian agar satu elemen mendapat sorotan ekstra. Maknanya tetap sama; yang berubah hanya di mana fokusnya. Bandingkan kalimat netral "Maya approved the budget yesterday." dengan versi cleft di bawah.
1. It-cleft: pola: It + be + elemen disorot + that/who + sisa kalimat. Pakai who untuk orang, that untuk hal lain.
| Yang disorot | Contoh it-cleft |
|---|---|
| Subjek (orang) | It was Maya who approved the budget. |
| Objek | It was the budget that Maya approved. |
| Keterangan waktu | It was yesterday that Maya approved the budget. |
| Koreksi (negatif) | It wasn't the price that worried us: it was the timeline. |
2. Wh-/What-cleft: pola: What + klausa + be + elemen disorot. Bagian yang disorot biasanya diletakkan di akhir sehingga terdengar paling menonjol.
| Struktur | Contoh | |
|---|---|---|
| What-cleft | What + klausa + is/was + X | What we need is more time. |
| All-cleft | All + klausa + is/was + X | All I want is a clear answer. |
| The reason ... | The reason + klausa + is + X | The reason it failed is poor planning. |
Catatan penting:
- Kata kerja be menyesuaikan waktu: It is ... that (kini), It was ... that (lampau).
- Dalam what-cleft, be biasanya tunggal: What we need is ... (meski objeknya jamak).
- What we need is to hire more staff: boleh diikuti to-infinitive atau klausa penuh.
Kapan Dipakai
- Menyorot SIAPA/APA/KAPAN yang penting dalam suatu kejadian:
It was the marketing team that drove the campaign, not sales.
- Mengoreksi anggapan keliru (sering dengan it-cleft negatif):
It wasn't a budget problem that stalled us: it was a staffing one.
- Menekankan kebutuhan, keinginan, atau inti masalah (what-/all-cleft):
What this project really needs is a clear owner.
- Membuka penjelasan secara dramatis dalam presentasi atau laporan:
What happened was the supplier missed two deliveries in a row.
Examples (English)
It was the client who insisted on the earlier deadline, not us. What we should focus on first is fixing the onboarding flow. All I'm asking for is a little more clarity on the scope. It wasn't the cost that concerned the board: it was the risk.
Kosakata & Penanda
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| It was ... that ... | yang ... adalah ... | It was the client that approved the budget. |
| It is ... who ... | yang ... adalah (orang) | It is the manager who decides. |
| What ... is ... | yang ... adalah | What we need is more time. |
| All ... is ... | yang ... hanyalah | All I want is a clear answer. |
| The reason ... is ... | alasannya ... adalah | The reason it failed is poor planning. |
| The thing ... is ... | hal yang ... adalah | The thing I value most is honesty. |
| It wasn't ... that ... | bukan ... yang ... | It wasn't the price that worried us. |
| What happened was ... | yang terjadi adalah | What happened was the server crashed. |
Dialogue
Clarifying who decided what
What surprised me most was how fast the board approved it.
It was actually the CFO who pushed it through.
Really? It wasn't the CEO that championed it?
No. What the CEO wanted was more data first.
Kesalahan Umum
- ❌ "It was Maya which approved the budget." → ✅ "It was Maya who approved the budget." (pakai who untuk orang, that untuk hal).
- ❌ "What we need are more time." → ✅ "What we need is more time." (be dalam what-cleft biasanya tunggal: is/was).
- ❌ "The reason because it failed is poor planning." → ✅ "The reason it failed is poor planning." (tanpa because; cukup The reason ... is ...).
- ❌ "Is the timeline that worried us." → ✅ "It is the timeline that worried us." (it-cleft wajib diawali It + be).
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Choose the correct it-cleft highlighting a person.
2. Which is a correct what-cleft?
3. Best way to correct a wrong assumption (it wasn't the price):
Lengkapi cleft sentence
Flashcards
It was ... that ...
Klik untuk lihat arti
Ringkasan
- Cleft sentence membelah kalimat menjadi dua untuk menyorot satu elemen tanpa mengubah makna dasar.
- It-cleft: It + be + X + that/who + sisa kalimat; pakai who untuk orang, that untuk hal.
- What-cleft: What + klausa + be + X; be biasanya tunggal (is/was), elemen disorot di akhir.
- Jebakan utama: jangan lupa It + be di awal it-cleft, dan jaga be tetap tunggal dalam what-cleft.