Review: Complex Structures

Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:

  • Menggabungkan passive, causative, relative clause, dan modal deduction dalam konteks nyata.
  • Memeriksa pemahaman seluruh modul melalui latihan campuran.

Ringkasan Modul

Modul Complex Structures menggabungkan empat alat penting untuk bahasa Inggris tingkat lanjut:

  • Advanced Passive & Causative: passive terbentuk dari be (sesuai tense) + V3, termasuk passive bermodal (must be checked). Causative have/get + object + V3 dipakai saat orang lain yang melakukan pekerjaan (We had the office repainted). Laporan impersonal memakai It is said that... atau He is said to....
  • Non-defining Relative Clauses: memberi info tambahan yang dipisahkan koma, tidak pernah memakai that. Gunakan who/whom/whose untuk orang, which untuk benda, where untuk tempat. which juga bisa merujuk pada seluruh klausa (..., which surprised us).
  • Modals of Deduction: menyimpulkan berdasarkan bukti. Kini: must/might/could/can't be; lampau: must/might/can't have + V3. Pilihan modal menunjukkan tingkat keyakinan.

Dialogue

Reviewing a project update

Nadia

The report, which was due today, still hasn't been sent.

Reza

Pak Hadi must have forgotten: he's usually very reliable.

Nadia

He can't have forgotten; I'll get it checked right now.

Reza

Good. It is said that the client decides this week, which makes it urgent.

Latihan Campuran

Cek Pemahaman Modul

1. Choose the correct passive: 'The contract ___ tomorrow.'

2. Which is a correct causative?

3. Pick the correct non-defining clause.

4. Choose the strongest past deduction: 'The floor is wet: it ___.'

5. Which sentence uses 'which' to refer to the whole clause?

Lengkapi (campuran)

1.All forms (submit) before noon. (modal passive)
2.Our office, opened in 2019, is the biggest. (relative)
3.He's not here: he at lunch. (deduksi kini, yakin)
4.We the contract (translate) by an expert. (causative)

Flashcards

have something done

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Selanjutnya

Selamat! Anda telah menyelesaikan grammar tingkat Upper Intermediate. Langkah berikutnya adalah level Advanced, tempat Anda mengasah struktur yang lebih rumit seperti inversion, cleft sentences, dan nuansa modal yang lebih halus.