Describing Trends & Changes
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Memilih kata kerja tren yang tepat (rise, fall, peak, plummet, surge, level off).
- Memadukan kata kerja dengan adverb intensitas (sharply, gradually, slightly, steadily).
- Mengubah bentuk verba menjadi struktur noun: 'There was a sharp increase in sales'.
Penjelasan (ID)
Saat mempresentasikan data, kamu perlu menjelaskan arah perubahan (naik/turun/stabil) dan seberapa cepat atau drastis perubahan itu. Di konteks kerja, ada banyak kosakata yang lebih presisi untuk menggambarkannya.
1. Kata kerja arah (direction verbs):
| Naik ↑ | Turun ↓ | Stabil / lainnya |
|---|---|---|
| rise / increase | fall / decrease | level off (mendatar) |
| grow / climb | decline / drop | remain stable |
| surge (melonjak) | plummet (anjlok) | fluctuate (naik-turun) |
| peak (memuncak) | bottom out (mencapai titik terendah) | stay flat |
2. Kata keterangan intensitas (adverbs):
Adverb diletakkan setelah kata kerja untuk menunjukkan besar/kecepatan perubahan.
| Besar / cepat | Kecil / lambat |
|---|---|
| sharply, dramatically, significantly | slightly, marginally |
| steeply, rapidly | gradually, steadily, slowly |
Sales rose sharply. (naik tajam): Sales rose slightly. (naik sedikit)
3. Bentuk noun: "There was a + adjective + noun":
Adverb berubah jadi adjective, dan verb berubah jadi noun. Ini gaya yang sangat umum dalam laporan tertulis.
| Bentuk verba | Bentuk noun |
|---|---|
| Sales rose sharply. | There was a sharp rise in sales. |
| Costs fell gradually. | There was a gradual fall in costs. |
| Demand increased significantly. | There was a significant increase in demand. |
4. Preposisi angka:
- naik/turun by + besar perubahan: rose by 10%
- naik/turun to + angka akhir: fell to 200 units
- from … to …: grew from 100 to 150
Tip: "increase/decrease" netral dan aman untuk laporan formal. "surge/plummet" sangat dramatis: pakai hanya bila perubahannya memang besar.
Examples (English)
"Quarterly revenue rose sharply, climbing from $2M to $3.4M." "There was a slight decline in customer churn after the new onboarding flow." "Website traffic peaked at 80,000 visits in November, then levelled off." "Following the recall, the stock price plummeted by nearly 30% in a single day."
Kosakata
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| rise (verb) //raɪz// | naik (rose, risen) | Revenue rose by 12% last quarter. |
| decline (verb/noun) //dɪˈklaɪn// | menurun (lebih formal) | Sales declined steadily over the year. |
| peak (verb/noun) //piːk// | memuncak / titik tertinggi | Traffic peaked at 50,000 users in May. |
| level off (phrasal verb) | mendatar / stabil | Growth levelled off after the summer. |
| plummet (verb) //ˈplʌmɪt// | anjlok / jatuh drastis | Share prices plummeted overnight. |
| surge (verb/noun) //sɜːdʒ// | melonjak tajam | Demand surged during the holidays. |
| sharply (adverb) //ˈʃɑːpli// | secara tajam/curam | Costs increased sharply in March. |
| gradually (adverb) //ˈɡrædʒuəli// | secara bertahap | Profits improved gradually. |
Dialogue
Reviewing the quarterly dashboard
If you look at the chart, sales rose steadily through Q1 and then surged in March.
What caused that surge?
The spring campaign. After it ended, growth levelled off.
And costs? I see a sharp increase in April.
Yes, there was a significant rise in shipping costs, but it fell back gradually.
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Which verb means 'to drop very fast and dramatically'?
2. Choose the natural sentence.
3. 'Profits grew ___ 100 ___ 150.' (dari…ke…)
4. Which adverb shows a SMALL change?
Lengkapi kalimat tren
Flashcards
rise
//raɪz//
Klik untuk lihat arti
Ringkasan
- Pilih verb arah: rise/increase, fall/decline, peak, level off, plummet, surge.
- Tambahkan adverb setelah verb: rose sharply, fell gradually.
- Bentuk noun: There was a + adjective + noun + in: "a sharp increase in sales".
- Preposisi angka: by (besar perubahan), to (angka akhir), from … to ….