Defining Relative Clauses

Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:

Memilih relative pronoun yang tepat: who, which, that, where, whose.
Menggabungkan dua kalimat menjadi satu dengan defining relative clause.
Mengetahui kapan 'that/which/who' boleh dihilangkan (sebagai objek).

Bentuk & Aturan

Defining relative clause adalah anak kalimat yang memberi informasi penting untuk mengenali kata benda yang dijelaskan. Tanpa anak kalimat ini, makna kalimat menjadi tidak jelas. Karena itu, tidak pakai koma.

Pilih relative pronoun sesuai kata benda yang dijelaskan:

Relative pronoun	Untuk	Contoh
who	orang	The woman who leads the team is Sari.
which	benda / hewan	The report which I sent is on your desk.
that	orang atau benda	The email that arrived is urgent.
where	tempat	The room where we meet is on floor 3.
whose	kepemilikan (...-nya)	The client whose order was late called.

Menggabungkan dua kalimat:

Dua kalimat	Digabung
The man called. He is my boss.	The man who called is my boss.
I bought a laptop. It is very fast.	The laptop that I bought is very fast.
This is the office. I work here.	This is the office where I work.

Kapan Dipakai

Mengenali / menentukan orang atau benda mana yang dimaksud:
The employee who speaks English will join the call. (bukan karyawan lain)
Tempat → pakai where:
That's the warehouse where we store the products.
Kepemilikan → pakai whose:
He's the manager whose team won the award.
'that' / 'which' / 'who' boleh DIHILANGKAN bila menjadi OBJEK dari anak kalimat:
The file (that) I sent you is ready. (boleh tanpa 'that') The client (who) we met is interested. (boleh tanpa 'who')
TAPI tidak boleh dihilangkan bila menjadi SUBJEK anak kalimat:
The man who called is my boss. (✗ tidak bisa hilang: 'who' subjek dari 'called')

Examples (English)

The colleague who trained me is leaving next month. The supplier that delivers daily is very reliable. This is the room where the interview will take place. The customer whose complaint we received wants a refund.

Kosakata & Penanda

English	Arti (ID)	Contoh
who	yang (orang)	The man who called is my boss.
which	yang (benda/hewan)	The phone which broke was new.
that	yang (orang/benda)	The file that I sent is ready.
where	tempat (di mana)	The office where I work is downtown.
whose	yang ...-nya (kepemilikan)	The client whose order was late complained.
relative clause	anak kalimat penjelas	The book that you lent me was great.
colleague (noun)	rekan kerja	She's the colleague who trained me.
supplier (noun)	pemasok	That's the supplier which delivers daily.

Dialogue

Finding the right person

Rina

Who is the person that handles refunds?

Tono

That's Maya, the colleague who sits near the window.

Rina

And the client whose order was delayed: did she call back?

Tono

Yes, the email she sent is in your inbox.

Kesalahan Umum

❌ "The man which called is my boss." → ✅ "The man who (atau that) called is my boss." (orang → who/that, bukan which)
❌ "The office which I work is downtown." → ✅ "The office where I work is downtown." (tempat → where)
❌ "The client who order was late." → ✅ "The client whose order was late." (kepemilikan → whose)
❌ "The man who called him is my boss." → ✅ "The man who called is my boss." (jangan ulang subjek 'he/him' setelah relative pronoun)

Latihan

Cek Pemahaman

1. Choose the correct pronoun: 'The woman ___ leads the team is Sari.'

2. Combine: 'This is the office. I work there.'

3. In which sentence can we OMIT the relative pronoun?

4. Choose the correct pronoun: 'The client ___ order was late complained.'

Lengkapi dengan relative pronoun yang tepat

1.The colleague trained me is very patient.

2.The report I emailed you is attached.

3.That's the warehouse we store the products.

4.He's the manager team won the award.

5.The supplier delivers daily is reliable.

Flashcards

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Ringkasan

Defining clause memberi info penting untuk mengenali kata benda: tanpa koma.
Pilihan pronoun: who/that (orang), which/that (benda), where (tempat), whose (kepemilikan).
Boleh dihilangkan bila relative pronoun adalah objek: the file (that) I sent.
Tidak boleh dihilangkan bila ia subjek anak kalimat: the man who called.

SebelumnyaPassive Voice (Present & Past)BerikutnyaGerunds & Infinitives