Prepositions: in / on / at
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Memilih in/on/at untuk menyatakan waktu (tahun, bulan, hari, jam).
- Memilih in/on/at untuk menyatakan tempat dan lokasi.
- Menghindari kesalahan umum dalam memilih preposisi.
🔁 Ingat lagi: kamu sudah memakai preposisi ini sebelumnya! Dari Modul 2: at 9 a.m., on Monday, on time (tepat waktu), dan appointment; dari Modul 5: in the office, on the second floor, next to (di sebelah). Di sini kita rapikan polanya jadi satu sistem.
Bentuk & Aturan
Tiga preposisi ini dipakai untuk waktu dan tempat. Pola umumnya: in untuk yang besar/umum, at untuk yang kecil/spesifik, dan on di antaranya.
Untuk WAKTU:
| Preposisi | Dipakai untuk | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| in | tahun, bulan, musim, bagian hari | in 2024, in May, in the morning |
| on | hari, tanggal, hari + bagian hari | on Monday, on 5 June, on Friday morning |
| at | jam, titik waktu, frasa tetap | at 9 a.m., at night, at the weekend |
⚠️ Perhatikan: in the morning/afternoon/evening, tetapi at night. Hari mengalahkan bagian hari → on Monday morning.
Untuk TEMPAT:
| Preposisi | Dipakai untuk | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| in | ruang, gedung, kota, negara (area tertutup) | in the office, in Jakarta, in Indonesia |
| on | permukaan, lantai, jalan | on the desk, on the second floor, on Main Street |
| at | titik/alamat/tempat spesifik | at the door, at the bus stop, at work |
⚠️ Tanpa preposisi: sebelum today, tomorrow, yesterday, this week, next Monday, every dayjangan pakai in/on/at: See you tomorrow. (bukan
on tomorrow), The call is this afternoon.
Frasa tetap yang sering muncul di kantor (hafalkan utuh):
- Waktu: at the weekend (British) / on the weekend (American), at night, at lunchtime, in time (keburu) vs on time (tepat waktu), by Friday (paling lambat Jumat).
- Tempat: at work, at home, at the office (titik) vs in the office (di dalam ruangannya), on the phone, online, in a meeting.
Catatan register: Dalam email formal, on time dan by hari sangat umum untuk tenggat: Please submit the report by Friday artinya paling lambat Jumat. Dalam obrolan santai, preposisi sering hilang sama sekali: "See you Monday!"
Kapan Dipakai
- Tahun, bulan, bagian hari → in:
The project starts in March. I work best in the morning.
- Hari & tanggal → on:
The meeting is on Tuesday. My presentation is on 12 July.
- Jam & titik waktu → at:
The call begins at 10 a.m. Let's talk at lunchtime.
- Tempat (area / permukaan / titik) → in / on / at:
She is in the meeting room, the file is on the desk, and we'll meet at reception.
Examples (English)
The webinar is on Friday at 2 p.m. I started this job in 2023. Let's meet at the café on Main Street. He is in the office, on the third floor, next to reception. Please send the report by Monday; the deadline is at the end of the day. I usually check emails in the morning and finish at 6 p.m. She works at home on Fridays, but she's in the office today. See you tomorrow: no preposition before tomorrow.
Kosakata & Penanda
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| in (preposition) | di / pada (area, bulan, tahun) | The meeting is in May. |
| on (preposition) | di / pada (permukaan, hari) | We meet on Monday. |
| at (preposition) | di / pada (titik, jam) | The call is at 3 p.m. |
| in the morning | di pagi hari | I check emails in the morning. |
| at night | di malam hari | I don't work at night. |
| on Monday | pada hari Senin | The deadline is on Monday. |
| at home | di rumah | I work at home on Fridays. |
| in the office | di kantor | She is in the office now. |
Phrase Bank
Phrase Bank — frasa siap pakai
- The meeting is on Monday at 9.Rapatnya hari Senin jam 9.menyebut jadwal
- See you at the office.Sampai jumpa di kantor.menyepakati tempat
- I'm working from home today.Saya kerja dari rumah hari ini.memberi tahu lokasi kerja
- Let's talk at lunchtime.Mari bicara saat makan siang.menentukan waktu
- It's on the second floor.Itu di lantai dua.memberi petunjuk lokasi
- I'll send it by the end of the day.Saya kirim sebelum akhir hari.menjanjikan tenggat
- The file is on your desk.File-nya ada di mejamu.menunjukkan posisi benda
Dialogue
Setting up a meeting
When is the team meeting?
It's on Wednesday at 10 a.m.
Where? In the big meeting room?
Yes, on the second floor. See you at the door.
Kesalahan Umum
- ❌ "The meeting is in Monday." → ✅ "The meeting is on Monday." (hari pakai on)
- ❌ "I start work in 9 a.m." → ✅ "I start work at 9 a.m." (jam pakai at)
- ❌ "She works at Jakarta." → ✅ "She works in Jakarta." (kota pakai in)
- ❌ "I am in the night shift in night." → ✅ "I work at night." (frasa tetap: at night)
- ❌ "The file is in the desk." → ✅ "The file is on the desk." (permukaan pakai on)
- ❌ "See you on tomorrow." → ✅ "See you tomorrow." (tomorrow/today/next week tanpa preposisi)
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Complete: 'The deadline is ___ Friday.'
2. Complete: 'The call starts ___ 3 p.m.'
3. Complete: 'I joined the company ___ 2022.'
4. Complete: 'She is ___ the meeting room now.'
Lengkapi
Flashcards
in
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Ringkasan
- Waktu: in (tahun/bulan/bagian hari), on (hari/tanggal), at (jam/titik waktu).
- Tempat: in (ruang/area), on (permukaan/lantai), at (titik/alamat spesifik).
- Ingat frasa tetap: at night, at the weekend, in the morning, at work, at home.
- Pola umum: in = besar/umum, at = kecil/spesifik, on = di antaranya.