There is / There are
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Memilih there is untuk benda tunggal dan there are untuk benda jamak.
- Membuat bentuk negatif dan pertanyaan dengan there is / there are.
- Menggunakan some dan any dengan benar dalam kalimat there is/are.
🔁 Ingat lagi: dari Modul 5: next to (di sebelah), between (di antara), dan meeting room (ruang rapat). Kamu sudah pakai There is/are di sana untuk mendeskripsikan tata letak kantor; di sini kita perdalam bentuk negatif, tanya, dan some/any.
Bentuk & Aturan
Kita memakai there is / there are untuk mengatakan bahwa sesuatu ada di suatu tempat. Pilihannya tergantung benda yang mengikuti (yang ada setelahnya), bukan kata there. Jika benda itu tunggal → there is; jika jamak → there are.
| Struktur | Contoh | |
|---|---|---|
| (+) tunggal | There is (There's) + benda tunggal | There is a problem with the file. |
| (+) jamak | There are + benda jamak | There are three new members. |
| (−) tunggal | There isn't + benda tunggal | There isn't a lift in this building. |
| (−) jamak | There aren't + benda jamak | There aren't any updates today. |
| (?) tunggal | Is there + benda tunggal? | Is there a deadline for this? |
| (?) jamak | Are there + benda jamak? | Are there any questions? |
Bentuk pendek: There's (= there is). Untuk jamak biasanya ditulis penuh: There are.
Bentuk pendek There's sangat umum dalam percakapan. Untuk jamak, There're hampir tak pernah ditulis: gunakan There are penuh.
Some / any:
| Pakai | Kapan | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| some | kalimat positif (benda jamak / tak terhitung) | There are some documents on your desk. |
| any | kalimat negatif & pertanyaan | There aren't any documents. / Are there any documents? |
Benda tak terhitung (uncountable) seperti coffee, water, information, time, work dianggap tunggal → selalu there is: There is some coffee in the pot. (bukan there are coffee).
💡 Daftar campuran: kalau kamu menyebut beberapa benda berturut-turut, is/are mengikuti benda pertama dalam daftar: There is a laptop, two pens, and a notebook on the desk. (yang pertama tunggal → is).
Catatan register (formal vs santai):
- Di rapat/email formal: There is an issue we need to discuss.
- Di obrolan santai, There's sering dipakai bahkan untuk jamak (There's two people waiting): wajar didengar, tetapi hindari dalam tulisan karena tidak baku.
Kapan Dipakai
- Menyatakan keberadaan benda tunggal → pakai there is:
There is a coffee machine on the second floor.
- Menyatakan keberadaan benda jamak → pakai there are:
There are five people in the meeting.
- Menyatakan sesuatu tidak ada → bentuk negatif:
There aren't any free meeting rooms right now.
- Menanyakan apakah sesuatu ada → bentuk tanya:
Is there Wi-Fi in this building?
Examples (English)
There is a new client on the call this morning. There are some messages for you in the inbox. There isn't any milk in the kitchen. Are there any seats left for the workshop? There are two printers next to the meeting room on this floor. Is there a deadline for this report?: Yes, there is: it's Friday. There isn't any free meeting room between 10 and 11.
Kosakata & Penanda
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| there is | ada (tunggal) | There is a meeting room on this floor. |
| there are | ada (jamak) | There are two printers in the office. |
| some (determiner) | beberapa / sejumlah | There are some emails for you. |
| any (determiner) | ada/sama sekali (negatif & tanya) | There aren't any free seats. |
| a lot of | banyak | There are a lot of people in the lobby. |
| no (determiner) | tidak ada | There is no coffee left. |
| near (preposition) | dekat | There is a café near the office. |
| between (preposition) | di antara | There is a desk between the two windows. |
Phrase Bank
Phrase Bank — frasa siap pakai
- Is there a meeting room free?Apakah ada ruang rapat yang kosong?menanyakan ketersediaan ruangan
- There's a problem with the file.Ada masalah dengan file-nya.melaporkan masalah
- Are there any questions?Apakah ada pertanyaan?menutup presentasi/rapat
- There aren't any seats left.Tidak ada kursi tersisa.menyatakan sesuatu habis
- There are a few updates for you.Ada beberapa pembaruan untukmu.memberi info singkat
- Is there anything I can do?Adakah yang bisa saya bantu?menawarkan bantuan
- There's no rush.Tidak perlu buru-buru.menenangkan rekan kerja
Dialogue
Looking for a meeting room
Is there a free meeting room on this floor?
There's one near the elevator, but there are two people in it now.
Are there any rooms upstairs?
Yes, there are some empty rooms on the third floor.
Kesalahan Umum
- ❌ "There are a problem." → ✅ "There is a problem." (benda tunggal → is)
- ❌ "There is two emails." → ✅ "There are two emails." (benda jamak → are)
- ❌ "There are some questions?" → ✅ "Are there any questions?" (pertanyaan pakai any + balik susunan jadi Are there)
- ❌ "There isn't some milk." → ✅ "There isn't any milk." (negatif pakai any, bukan some)
- ❌ "There are some informations." → ✅ "There is some information." (information tak terhitung → is, tanpa -s)
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Choose the correct sentence.
2. Complete: 'There ___ a printer on this floor.'
3. Which question is correct?
4. Complete the negative: 'There ___ any free seats.'
Lengkapi
Flashcards
there is
Klik untuk lihat arti
Ringkasan
- there is untuk benda tunggal; there are untuk benda jamak.
- Negatif: there isn't / there aren't; pertanyaan: Is there...? / Are there...?
- Pakai some di kalimat positif; pakai any di kalimat negatif dan pertanyaan.
- Jangan lupa menyesuaikan is/are dengan benda yang mengikutinya, bukan dengan kata there.