Question Formation
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Membuat pertanyaan yes/no dengan be dan dengan do/does.
- Membuat pertanyaan Wh- (what, where, when, who, why, how).
- Menyusun urutan kata pertanyaan dengan benar.
🔁 Ingat lagi: dari Modul 4: How often...? (seberapa sering...?) dan dari Modul 2 - How much is...? (berapa harganya...?). Keduanya pakai pola Wh- yang kita rapikan di sini. Ingat juga deadline dan schedule dari Modul 2 untuk konteks bertanya jadwal.
Bentuk & Aturan
Ada dua jenis pertanyaan utama: yes/no questions (dijawab ya/tidak) dan Wh- questions (minta informasi).
1. Yes/No questions dengan be (am/is/are): balik posisi be dan subjek.
| Kalimat | Pertanyaan |
|---|---|
| You are busy. | Are you busy? |
| She is the manager. | Is she the manager? |
| They are ready. | Are they ready? |
2. Yes/No questions dengan do/does: untuk kata kerja biasa (bukan be), tambahkan Do/Does di depan. Pakai does untuk he/she/it, dan kata kerja kembali ke bentuk dasar.
| Struktur | Contoh | |
|---|---|---|
| I/you/we/they | Do + subjek + verb dasar? | Do you work here? |
| he/she/it | Does + subjek + verb dasar? | Does she work here? |
⚠️ Setelah does, kata kerja tidak memakai -s: ❌ Does she works? → ✅ Does she work?
3. Wh- questions: letakkan kata tanya di depan, lalu ikuti pola pertanyaan yes/no.
| Pola | Contoh |
|---|---|
| Wh- + be + subjek? | Where is the office? |
| Wh- + do/does + subjek + verb? | What do you do? / When does it start? |
Urutan kata (Wh- + auxiliary + subjek + verb):
What • do • you • need? → What do you need?
⚠️ Pengecualian who sebagai subjek: tidak perlu do/does. → Who wants coffee? (bukan Who does want?)
4. How much vs How many: how much untuk benda tak terhitung atau harga; how many untuk benda terhitung (jamak).
| Pakai | Untuk | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| How much | uang, waktu, benda tak terhitung | How much time do we have? / How much is it? |
| How many | benda yang bisa dihitung (jamak) | How many people are coming? |
5. Pertanyaan dengan modal (can): modal seperti can sudah berfungsi sebagai pembentuk pertanyaan: tidak perlu do/does: Can you...? / Where can I...?
Catatan register & intonasi:
- Yes/no questions biasanya berintonasi naik di akhir; Wh- questions berintonasi turun.
- Untuk lebih sopan/tidak langsung, bungkus pertanyaan: Could you tell me where the office is? Perhatikan: di pertanyaan tak langsung, urutan kembali ke subjek + verb (where the office is, bukan where is the office).
Kapan Dipakai
- Menanyakan ya/tidak → yes/no question:
Do you have a minute?
- Menanyakan benda/aktivitas (apa) → what:
What does this button do?
- Menanyakan tempat / waktu / orang / alasan / cara → where / when / who / why / how:
Where is the meeting? When does it start? Why are you here?
Examples (English)
Are you free this afternoon? Do you work in this department? What time does the call start? Why is the report late? How many people are coming to the meeting? How much time do we have before the deadline? Where can I find the printer? Who is in charge of the new project?
Kosakata & Penanda
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| what (wh-word) | apa | What is your job? |
| where (wh-word) | di mana | Where do you work? |
| when (wh-word) | kapan | When does the meeting start? |
| who (wh-word) | siapa | Who is your manager? |
| why (wh-word) | mengapa | Why are you late? |
| how (wh-word) | bagaimana | How do you go to work? |
| how much | berapa (harga/tak terhitung) | How much is the ticket? |
| how many | berapa banyak (terhitung) | How many people are coming? |
Phrase Bank
Phrase Bank — frasa siap pakai
- What do you do?Apa pekerjaanmu?menanyakan profesi
- Where do you work?Di mana kamu bekerja?berkenalan
- When does the meeting start?Kapan rapat mulai?menanyakan jadwal
- Who is in charge of this?Siapa penanggung jawab ini?mencari narahubung
- How do I get there?Bagaimana cara ke sana?menanyakan arah
- Are you free this afternoon?Apakah kamu luang sore ini?mengatur janji
- Do you have a minute?Ada waktu sebentar?membuka percakapan singkat
Dialogue
A short interview
Where do you work now?
I work at a software company in Jakarta.
What do you do there?
I'm a designer. Why do you ask?
We have an opening. Are you interested?
Kesalahan Umum
- ❌ "You are busy?" → ✅ "Are you busy?" (balik be dan subjek)
- ❌ "Does she works here?" → ✅ "Does she work here?" (setelah does, verb dasar)
- ❌ "Where you work?" → ✅ "Where do you work?" (perlu do untuk kata kerja biasa)
- ❌ "What do you are doing?" → ✅ "What are you doing?" (jangan campur do dan be)
- ❌ "How many time do we have?" → ✅ "How much time do we have?" (time tak terhitung → how much)
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Make a yes/no question: 'You are ready.'
2. Choose the correct question.
3. Which question asks about a reason?
4. Complete: '___ do you go to work?'
Lengkapi
Flashcards
what
Klik untuk lihat arti
Ringkasan
- Pertanyaan dengan be: balik posisi → Are you...? / Is she...?
- Pertanyaan dengan kata kerja biasa: pakai Do/Does + subjek + verb dasar.
- Wh- questions: kata tanya (what/where/when/who/why/how) di depan, lalu pola pertanyaan.
- Who sebagai subjek tidak perlu do/does: Who wants coffee?