Comparatives & Superlatives

Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:

Membentuk comparative dengan -er ... than atau more ... than.
Membentuk superlative dengan the -est atau the most.
Memakai bentuk tak beraturan (good/better/best) dan pola 'as ... as'.

Bentuk & Aturan

Comparative = membandingkan dua hal ("lebih ... daripada").
Superlative = menyebut satu yang paling di antara semuanya ("paling / ter-").

Pilihan bentuk tergantung panjang adjektiva:

Jenis adjektiva	Comparative	Superlative
Pendek (1 suku kata): cheap, fast, big	adj -er + than → cheaper	the adj-est → the cheapest
Berakhir konsonan + -y: easy, busy	-y → -ier → easier	the -iest → the easiest
Panjang (2+ suku kata): expensive, important	more + adj + than → more expensive	the most + adj → the most expensive

Ejaan: kata pendek dengan vokal-konsonan menggandakan konsonan akhir (big → bigger → the biggest).

Bentuk Tak Beraturan (Irregular)

Beberapa adjektiva penting tidak mengikuti pola di atas: harus dihafal:

Adjektiva	Comparative	Superlative
good	better	the best
bad	worse	the worst
far	further / farther	the furthest / farthest

Pola "as ... as" (kesamaan)

Pola	Arti	Contoh
as + adj + as	sama ... dengan	This phone is as good as the old one.
not as + adj + as	kurang ... dibanding	This phone is not as expensive as that one.

Kapan Dipakai

Comparative + than untuk membandingkan dua hal.
The new system is faster than the old one.
Superlative (the ...) untuk yang paling dalam satu kelompok.
This is the most important task today.
as ... as untuk menyatakan dua hal setara.
Plan A is as good as Plan B.
not as ... as untuk menyatakan satu lebih rendah dari yang lain.
This supplier is not as cheap as the other one.

Examples (English)

The new laptop is more expensive than the old model, but it's faster. She is the best salesperson on our team. Today's traffic is worse than yesterday's. This report is as detailed as the one from last month.

Kosakata & Penanda

English	Arti (ID)	Contoh
cheaper (adj)	lebih murah	This option is cheaper than that one.
more expensive (adj)	lebih mahal	The new laptop is more expensive.
the best (adj)	yang terbaik	She is the best person for this job.
worse (adj)	lebih buruk	Today's traffic is worse than yesterday.
than	daripada (pembanding)	He is taller than me.
as ... as	se- ... (sama dengan)	This phone is as good as the old one.
easier (adj)	lebih mudah	This task is easier than I thought.
the most important (adj)	yang paling penting	Safety is the most important thing.

Dialogue

Comparing two suppliers

Maya

Supplier A is cheaper than Supplier B.

Joko

True, but Supplier B is more reliable. Quality is the most important thing.

Maya

Is Supplier A as fast as Supplier B?

Joko

No, it's not as fast. B has the best delivery times.

Kesalahan Umum

❌ "This is more cheaper than that." → ✅ "This is cheaper than that." (jangan gabung more dengan -er)
❌ "She is the most good worker." → ✅ "She is the best worker." (good tak beraturan: better / the best)
❌ "He is taller than me is." → ✅ "He is taller than me." / "... taller than I am." (setelah than cukup objek/klausa, tidak diulang)
❌ "This task is more easy." → ✅ "This task is easier." (adjektiva pendek pakai -er, bukan more)

Latihan

Cek Pemahaman

1. Complete: 'This phone is ___ than that one.'

2. Choose the correct superlative.

3. Complete: 'Today's traffic is ___ than yesterday's.'

4. Which sentence means the two are equal?

Lengkapi

1.The new model is (fast) than the old one.

2.She is the (good) manager we have.

3.This plan is more than the other.

4.Plan A is as as Plan B.

Flashcards

cheaper

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Ringkasan

Comparative membandingkan dua hal: adjektiva pendek -er + than, panjang more ... than.
Superlative menyebut yang paling: the -est atau the most ....
Tak beraturan: good→better→best, bad→worse→worst, far→further→furthest.
as ... as = setara; not as ... as = kurang. Jangan gabung more dengan -er.

SebelumnyaQuantifiers: some / any / much / many BerikutnyaReview