Past Simple: Irregular Verbs
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Menggunakan kata kerja tak beraturan yang umum dalam bentuk past simple.
- Membuat pertanyaan past simple dengan 'Did + subjek + verb dasar?'.
- Membuat kalimat negatif past simple dengan 'didn't + verb dasar'.
Penjelasan (ID)
Tidak semua kata kerja menambah -ed. Banyak kata kerja yang sering dipakai justru tak beraturan (irregular): bentuk lampaunya harus dihafal karena tidak mengikuti aturan.
Kata kerja tak beraturan yang umum
| Bentuk dasar | Past simple | Arti | Contoh |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | pergi | I went to the office. |
| have | had | punya/mengalami | We had a meeting. |
| make | made | membuat | She made a presentation. |
| take | took | mengambil/butuh | It took two days. |
| send | sent | mengirim | I sent the email. |
| write | wrote | menulis | He wrote the report. |
| meet | met | bertemu | We met the client. |
| get | got | mendapatkan | I got your message. |
Pertanyaan dan kalimat negatif
Untuk pertanyaan dan kalimat negatif, kita memakai did/didn't. Yang penting: setelah did/didn't, kata kerja kembali ke bentuk dasar (tanpa -ed dan bukan bentuk lampau).
| Tipe | Pola | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Positif | subjek + past verb | I went to the meeting. |
| Negatif | subjek + didn't + base verb | I didn't go to the meeting. |
| Pertanyaan | Did + subjek + base verb? | Did you go to the meeting? |
| Jawaban singkat | Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. | : |
Penting: Tulis Did you go? dan I didn't make it: bukan Did you went? atau I didn't made it. Setelah did/didn't, selalu pakai bentuk dasar.
Examples (English)
"I went to the client meeting and made notes for the team."
"Did you send the invoice yesterday?": "No, I didn't. I'll do it now."
"We didn't take the project because the deadline was too short."
Kosakata
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| go → went (verb) | pergi | I went to the meeting yesterday. |
| have → had (verb) | punya/mengalami | We had a call with the client. |
| make → made (verb) | membuat | She made a presentation last week. |
| take → took (verb) | mengambil/membutuhkan | The project took three months. |
| send → sent (verb) | mengirim | I sent the invoice this morning. |
| write → wrote (verb) | menulis | He wrote the proposal yesterday. |
| meet → met (verb) | bertemu | We met the new supplier on Monday. |
| didn't (phrase) | tidak (lampau) | I didn't finish the report. |
Dialogue
Catching up after the weekend
Did you go to the supplier meeting on Friday?
Yes, I did. We met the new sales manager and had a good chat.
Nice. Did they make a new offer?
They did, but I didn't take a decision yet. I sent you the details.
Thanks. I didn't get the email. Can you resend it?
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. What is the past simple of 'go'?
2. Choose the correct question.
3. Complete: I ___ finish the report yesterday.
4. What is the past simple of 'make'?
Lengkapi dengan bentuk lampau yang benar
Flashcards
go → went
Klik untuk lihat arti
Ringkasan
- Banyak kata kerja umum tak beraturan: bentuk lampaunya harus dihafal (go→went, have→had).
- Negatif: subjek + didn't + bentuk dasar (I didn't go).
- Pertanyaan: Did + subjek + bentuk dasar? (Did you go?).
- Setelah did/didn't, kata kerja selalu kembali ke bentuk dasar.