Wish & If only
Di akhir lesson ini, kamu bisa:
- Menggunakan wish/if only + past simple untuk keinginan tentang keadaan sekarang.
- Menggunakan wish/if only + past perfect untuk penyesalan atas masa lalu.
- Menggunakan wish/if only + would untuk keluhan tentang perilaku yang mengganggu.
Bentuk & Aturan
Wish dan if only sama-sama menyatakan keinginan untuk sesuatu yang berbeda dari kenyataan. If only lebih kuat dan emosional. Bentuk kata kerja sesudahnya menentukan kapan keinginan itu berlaku.
| Makna | Struktur | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| Keinginan tentang KINI | wish/if only + past simple | I wish I had more time. |
| Penyesalan tentang LAMPAU | wish/if only + past perfect | I wish I had backed up the file. |
| Keluhan (perilaku orang lain) | wish/if only + would + V1 | I wish they would reply sooner. |
Catatan penting:
- Setelah wish, bentuk were dipakai untuk semua subjek (subjunctive): "I wish I were the manager." (formal, lebih disukai daripada was).
- wish + would dipakai untuk perilaku orang/benda lain yang mengganggu: bukan untuk diri sendiri: ❌ I wish I would... → ✅ I wish I could....
- if only memakai pola kata kerja yang sama persis dengan wish.
💡 Ingat polanya: keinginan kini = mundur satu langkah ke past simple; penyesalan lampau = mundur lagi ke past perfect.
Kapan Dipakai
- Mengandaikan keadaan sekarang yang berbeda (wish + past simple):
I wish our office were closer to the station.
- Menyesali keputusan atau peristiwa masa lalu (wish + past perfect):
She wishes she had accepted the promotion last year.
- Mengeluhkan kebiasaan yang mengganggu (wish + would):
My manager wishes the team would arrive on time.
- Mengungkapkan harapan yang kuat dengan emosi (if only):
If only the client had signed the contract before the price rose.
Examples (English)
I wish I had more budget for this project. If only we had hired a second developer earlier. I wish my colleague would stop sending emails after midnight. She wishes she were fluent in Mandarin for the negotiation.
Kosakata & Penanda
| English | Arti (ID) | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| wish (verb) | berharap / mengandaikan | I wish I had more time to prepare. |
| if only | andai saja / seandainya saja | If only we had started earlier. |
| I wish I could | andai aku bisa | I wish I could attend the conference. |
| I wish I had | andai aku sudah | I wish I had saved that email. |
| would (modal) | (keluhan) maukah / mau saja | I wish they would reply faster. |
| were | (subjunctive) seharusnya 'was' | I wish I were the team lead. |
| annoying (adj) | mengganggu / menjengkelkan | It's annoying that he keeps interrupting. |
| deadline (noun) | tenggat waktu | I wish the deadline weren't so tight. |
Dialogue
Venting after a busy week
I wish we had more people on this account. It's too much for two.
I know. If only we had hired someone in March like I suggested.
And I wish the client would send feedback faster: we keep waiting.
Honestly, I wish I were on holiday right now.
Kesalahan Umum
- ❌ "I wish I have more time." → ✅ "I wish I had more time." (keinginan kini mundur ke past simple)
- ❌ "I wish I didn't go to that meeting." (untuk masa lalu) → ✅ "I wish I hadn't gone to that meeting." (penyesalan lampau = past perfect)
- ❌ "I wish I would finish earlier." → ✅ "I wish I could finish earlier." (would tidak dipakai untuk diri sendiri)
- ❌ "I wish I was the team lead." → ✅ "I wish I were the team lead." (subjunctive were lebih disukai setelah wish)
Latihan
Cek Pemahaman
1. Choose the correct way to wish about the present.
2. Which expresses regret about the past?
3. Complete the complaint: 'I wish my colleague ___ stop interrupting.'
Lengkapi wish / if only
Flashcards
wish
Klik untuk lihat arti
Ringkasan
- Keinginan tentang kini: wish/if only + past simple (sering pakai were).
- Penyesalan tentang lampau: wish/if only + past perfect (had + V3).
- Keluhan perilaku orang lain: wish/if only + would + V1: bukan untuk diri sendiri (pakai could).
- Jebakan utama: mundurkan satu langkah dari waktu nyata; gunakan were setelah wish; jangan pakai I wish I would.